Thursday, December 27, 2007

Scramblish, Indish, Franglais, or English

Modern English is the most popular and the most widely used language in history. In addition to the almost 400 million who speak it as their mother tongue, over a billion use it as a second language. It has become the language of the world, in this swirling, confusing Babel; it is only natural that curious things occur. Words are broken, mangled, fractured, clobbered or just scrambled with words from other languages. If this does not fulfil the need or convey the exact meaning, words from around the world just sneak into English vocabulary. And the language continues to grow…
Here are some examples of once-upon-a-time foreign words which have now become a part of this living language:
Ab initio: from the beginning (Latin)
A bon marchee: cheap, a bargain (French)
Adieu: farewell, good-bye (French)
Agenda: things to be done (Latin)
Ahimsa: doctrine of non-violence (Hindi)
Aide-de-camp: field aide (French)
A la carte: according to the menu (French)
A la mode: as per the fashion (French)
Apartheid: South African policy of racial segregation (Dutch)
Arista: the best (Greek)
Bakshish: tip, money (Persian)
Bambino:baby, child (Italian)
Bathos: false pathos; an anti-climax (Greek)
Bolsheviki: Lenin-led Communists (Russian)
Bon vivant: one who likes to live well (French)
Cheetah: spotted leopard (Hindi)
Chou mein: Chinese noodles mixed with meat or vegetables (Chinese)
Chukar: red-legged Indian partridge (Hindi)
Communiqué: official statement or dispatch (French)
Coup d’ etat: a sudden seizure of government (French)
Coup de grace: death-blow (French)
Coup de main: sudden blow (French)
Czar: Russian emperor, autocrat (Russian)
De facto: in existence (Latin)
De jure: legally (French)
Esprit de corps: spirit of loyalty to one’s group (French)
Ex officio: by virtue of his office (Latin)
Fait accompli: things already done (French)
Faux pas: false step, blunder (French)
Fiasco: failure (Italian)
Garuda: fabulous, partly human bird of Indian myth (Hindi)
Guru: teacher (Hindi)
Hara-kiri: ceremonial suicide (Japanese)
Kabab: meat cooked/baked with spices, usually on skewer (Persian)
Kama: Hindu god of love (Hindi)
Khaki: dust coloured, dull brownish-yellow fabric of cotton or wool (Hindi)
Magnum opus: masterpiece (Latin)
Maladroit: awkward, tactless (French)
Malaria: illness transmitted by mosquito bite (Italian)
Manifesto: declaration (Italian)
Marina: settled and landscape seashore (Italian)
Matador: bullfighter who kills bull with sword (Spanish)
Prima facie: at first glance (Latin)
Pro bono publico: for public good (Latin)
Pro forma: as a matter of form (Latin)
Puissance: power (French)
Puree: thick cream soup (French)
Qui vive: on the alert (French)
Rapprochement: re-establishing of friendly relations (French)
Recto: on the right hand page (Latin)
Resume: summary (French)
Robot: automaton trained to do man’s work (Czech)
Roulette: gambling wheel (French)
Safari: hunting trip in Africa (Arabic)
Salaam: salutation, form of greeting (Arabic)
Samurai: Japanese feudal nobleman (Japanese)
Sangfroid: coolness in the face of danger (French)
Sans souci: carefree, free from worry (French)
Sayonara: goodbye (Japanese)
Table d’hote: regular menu, no choice (French)
Tutti-frutti: all fruits, mixed fruits (Italian)
Uno animo: with one mind (Latin)
Yoga: Hindu system of philosophic meditation and asceticism designed to effect reunion with the universal spirit (Hindi)
Vox populi: voice of the people (Latin)
Zeitgeist: spirit of the times (German)

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