Sunday, May 29, 2011

I B Tech II sem English Model Paper

ENGLISH - II MODEL QUESTION PAPER FOR SECOND SEMESTER END EXAMINATION JNTU KAKINADA
Answer any FIVE questions
All questions carry equal marks

1. a. Draft an email to your friend advising her on health tips to be taken on a tour she is going on in the near future. 10 marks

To: shaik_NWCE@gmail.com
Cc:
Bcc:
Subject: Health tips to be taken on a tour

Dear Shaik,

I am happy to know that you are going on a tour. First of all I wish you Happy and safe journey. I want you to be healthy during your tour. Here are few tips please take care to follow them carefully.

Please pack your own personal first-aid kit. Carry medicine in your carry-on bags without fail. Be sure to travel with enough medicine for the duration of your tour. Pack a basic first-aid kit that includes: bandages, antiseptic wipes, ace wraps, moleskin (to cover blisters), digital thermometer, non-aspirin pain relievers and anti-diarrhea medicine. Please practice to do regular exercise program before you go on tour.

Buy a large bottle of water before you board in case the beverage service is limited or slow. Avoid drinking soft drinks and stick to water and fruit juices. Skip the coffee and tea, too. Don’t skip breakfast at the hotels. Drink lots of bottled water. Wash your hands before eating. Carry hand sanitizer. Eat fruit whenever it is served to you. Buy fruit only if you can wash or peel it. Pack some dried fruit, especially dried plums .Get enough sleep at night. Always have some plastic bags available just in case anyone feels nauseous.

Once again I wish you happy journey. Hope you will return safe and happy if you follow these tips.

Regards,
Ahmed.



b. Fill in the blanks with appropriate conjunctions 5marks

i Things were different when I was young.

ii I do it because I like it.

iii Let us wait here till the rain stops.

iv You cannot be a lawyer unless you have a law degree.

v That was years and years ago.

2. a. Write a situational dialogue between a Red Cross Volunteer and an earthquake victim. 10 marks
(refer Step By Step text, page123 )
b. Fill in the blanks with appropriate quantifiers –many, more, fewest, much, most 5 marks

There are _many_ people in Poland, more in India, but the most people live in China. The country with the fewest people per square kilometer must be Australia. Much research is conducted on this.

3. a. Due to recent floods in Nellore, some of the families became refugees and were in the care of your voluntary service organization. Write a Report on the situation and the help extended to them. 10 marks

Report of the Voluntary Service Organization on the help extended to Flood Victims

Our Operations unit has immediately started to help the victims of the recent floods. We gave immediate priorities to bring medical care to people with injuries and made sure that food water and shelter are provided to the thousands of people who have no homes to return to.

Several areas in and around Nellore were affected by floods.Mypadu was severely affected due to the flood. The people in the affected area became homeless and some of the people lost their lives. Many of them were affected with water born diseases. Many people were starving for basic requirements like food, clothes and shelter. Media covered this entire scene and telecasted on the televisions. As a result many government organizations and Red Cross organizations came forward and extended a helping hand.

Thousands of local palm thatch homes were swept away by the storm and infrastructure was damaged to a great extent. Power lines were down, roads flooded and communication links were severed in many areas. Many people in the near by areas were evacuated and were provided shelter in safer places. The cyclone shelters built by the Red Cross Organization in Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh and Orissa rescued these people. This saved many lives by preventing people from epidemic diseases.

Our Organization which is Students Volunteer Organization tried to help as many victims as possible. We joined our hands with government officials in helping the victims by shifting them to the safer places first. We tried to interview personally as many people as possible to help them get insurance for their houses. We promised to help them to reconstruct their houses at the earliest.

b. Fill in the blanks with appropriate articles. 5 marks
i He left _____ home without informing anyone.

ii There is __a___ box of sweets on __the___ table

iii Do you need __a___ degree in Economics or _a____ degree in finance to be a better manager?

iv When we arrived, she went straight to ___the__ kitchen and started to prepare ___a__ meal for us.

v He has _a____ cut on his leg and _a____ bruise on __the___ chin.

4. a. Write an essay in about 400- 500 words on “Advantages and disadvantages of Vegetarian and non-vegetarian food”
10 marks

Environmental:
The raising of animals for food is the number one contributor to global warming; it creates more greenhouse gases than all forms of transportation combined.

Health:
Animals in industrial situations are routinely given feed laced with pesticides, to decrease the numbers of insects on their feces- a major problem in factory farms. They are injected with huge amounts of hormones and antibiotics, and these substances can be found in all cuts of meat.

Meat eaters have higher rates of type 2 diabetes, heart disease and colon cancer.

Ethical:
Veal crates, battery cages, gestation crates, slaughterhouse practices...

Food has a major role to play in your fitness. Researchers have repeatedly proved that healthy food is the main key to good health. By healthy food, we mean the food that is nutritious and full of essential vitamins and minerals. Green leafy vegetables and fresh fruits are the best reserves of vital nutrients that safeguard our body against many diseases. Most importantly, water is the most essential requirement of our body. Be sure to drink at least eight to ten glasses of water daily to make yourself plump and soft.
Before moving further, let us get started with some important foods that will not only make you healthy, but will also make you look young and radiant. Beans, pumpkin, oranges, and yoghurt are few of the many vegetarian foods that are sure to give you an endless aura. After all, ravishing beauty is what that comes from within. You can surely enhance your outer looks by expensive make-ups, but what and how you eat reflect the real beauty.
You do not have to get specific foods for specific health ailments. These super foods give a wide coverage for a variety of ailments including diabetes, cancer, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. They also help you to keep a check on your weight and make you look beautiful and glowing.
Let us take a look at some other super foods. Animal food is rich in proteins and proteins you all know help in the wear and tear of our body. Fish, eggs, and animal meat keep you in a great shape.
Both diets are healthy if done correctly. And the pros and cons for each are probably similar. Meat is rich in protein, iron, vitamin B1 and niacin. Non-vegetarian food is a good source of excellent protein.
One of the advantages to the vegetarian diet is that it tends to be low in fat and cholesterol. As a result, a vegetarian diet can help you avoid heart problems and even cancer. However, you may also find that you are missing some important vitamins and minerals on a strictly vegetarian diet.
Advantages of vegetarian foods are:
• They are easily chewable, especially for the elderly who have lost their teeth.
• Many elderly feel that vegetarian food is more easily digestible.
• Vegetarian foods are cheaper than non-vegetarian foods.
• Some vegetables can be eaten raw preventing the loss of nutrients while cooking.
• Vegetarian foods do not contain as much fat as non-vegetarian foods.
Vegetarians should take care to include soyabeans, groundnuts, lentils, mushrooms and so on to get a sufficient supply of proteins.
Advantages of Non-Vegetarian foods are:
• Non-vegetarian foods are rich in protein of high biological value and in Vitamin B complex, especially B12 which is not available in plant foods.
• Fish, especially the small varieties are a rich source of calcium.
• Egg-white is good source of protein and easily digested.
The incidence of high BP, Heart disease, Obesity and high cholesterol levels is found to be greater among non-vegetarians. Elders who suffer from these problems should reduce the intake of fleshy foods in their diet. Egg-white and most varieties of fish contain less fat, but are rich in protein, vitamins and minerals.
Vegetarian or non-vegetarian, the decision depends on various factors such as cultural or dietary habits of the family, personal preference, taste and avoidance of certain foods for health reasons. Whatever the case, a well-balanced diet supplying proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals should be taken.

b. Give the Synonyms of the following 5marks

reduce, essential, conviction, summit, truce
1. Reduce: cut down 2. Essential: absolutely necessary 3.conviction: strong belief 4. Summit: highest point 5. Truce: an agreement between enemies to stop fighting

5. A. What are the factors that are helpful in preparing Power Point Presentation? Prepare a PPT in 6 slides about your favorite sports person. 10 marks
(Refer Step by Step page 179 to 181)

b. Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions 5 marks

i His house looks like a temple.

ii How many of the members will join the trip?

iii Don’t lean that ladder against the wall.

iv I don't usually feel tired in the morning.

v Have you heard anything about him yet?

6. a. Discuss in a situational dialogue with your friend the strategies that are helpful in eliminating stress. 10 marks.
Aafreen: Hi , Anusha. I hear your paper has been selected in International Seminar
for presentation. Congratulations!
Anusha: Thanks Aafreen. It really is a great honour, and at the same time, a huge
challenge as well, especially with so many participants coming from all over the world. Frankly, I’m not sure I’ll be able to manage.
Aafreen: Don’t’t worry. If you prepare well you won’t feel nervous.
Anusha: Will you please help me giving some important tips to manage stress.
Aafreen: Why not, sure. First of all you jot the outline of your presentation on a
piece of paper.
Anusha: OK I will do that.
Aafreen: Don’t speak too fast or too slow. If you talk too fast, you risk the audience
not understanding what you are trying to say. If you talk too slow, your
audience might lose interest in what you are saying. Maintain a moderate
pace.
Anusha: Do you think I can manage well?
Aafreen: Be positive. Motivate yourself. Tell yourself things like- ‘I will make a
good presentation.’
Anusha: Ok dear. Thanks a lot. Is there anything else to help me manage my stress.
Aafreen: Last but not the least gather yourself together before presentation. Take a deep breath, and try to be relaxed and calm.
Anusha: Thanks a lot. I hope with these strategies I will definitely manage to do well without any stress.
Aafreen: All the Best. Take care. Bye.
Anusha: Thankx. Bye.

b.Punctuate the given set of sentences. 5 marks

i. did you go to school today
Did you go to School today?
ii. What a beautiful day
What a beautiful day!
iii. I like noodles pizza burger etc
I like noodles, pizza, burger, etc.
iv. This is sureshs pen
This is Suresh’s pen.
v. I dont know your name
I don’t know your name.

7 a. What is the role of team work, motivation and commitment in the life of a sportsman? What is the importance of the above in a job ambience? 10 marks. (Page no 182. Step by Step)

b. Fill in the blanks with appropriate exclamations 5 marks
1. Wow! what a great game.
2. Oh! you came just in time
3. You won the competition. What an achievement!
4. Alas! I lost your pen. Ah! is it true?

8 a. You are the Chairman of NHAI. Write a letter responding to the appeal made by the ministry of road transportation about preventing the disruption of traffic on account of damages to road and bridges during natural disasters. 10marks
(Refer page 112 in Step by Step)
b. Match the words with phrases 5 marks
i. Easily (a) on the middle stump
ii. Stand (b) on the wicket
iii. Applied (c) into my body
iv. Bowl (d) off the pads
v. Depending (e) them to my batting
(1- d ,2- a, 3- e, 4- c, 5- b)

Monday, May 23, 2011

5th Chapter notes

STEP BY STEP(ENGLISH TEXT ) UNIT- 5 ANSWERS FOR 1ST. B.TECH SECOND SEMESTER JNTU KAKINADA
I. VOCABULARY

1. Altruistic = (syn) unselfish, humane, selfless, philanthropic,
noble, self-sacrificing (ant) selfish

2. Amenable = (syn) agreeable, open, acquiescent, willing,
docile, responsive, pliable,
cooperative, flexible(Ant) stubborn

3. Cardiovascular = circulatory, cardiac, vascular, heart, blood.

4. Carrier = (syn) transporter,hauler,delivery service,
carter,shipper,mover,exporter,importer agent,
transferor.

5. . Demonstrate = explain,display, operate, instruct,
show off, put something through its
paces prove, validate,make plain,
protest, March, rally, lobby, support,

6. chronic = long-lasting, lingering, continuing, enduring,
lasting, prolonged, protracted
habitual, persistent, ingrained,
compulsive, inveterate, established,
confirmed, long-standing (Ant) fleeting, occasional


7. Desirable = wanted, needed, necessary,
required, looked for, desired, anticipated,
appropriate, suitable, right, advantageous
pleasing, enviable, pleasant, popular, sought after

8. . Elevated = raised, raised up, high, higher
preeminent, eminent, prominent, high,
grand, lofty, superior (Ant)lowly

9. Elimination = removal, abolition, exclusion, rejection,
eradication, dismissal (Ant) preservation

10. Endemic = widespread, prevalent, rife, rampant,
pervasive, common (Ant) rare
11. . err = go wrong, blunder, slip up, go astray,
stumble, get something wrong.

12. Fetish = talisman, charm, idol, image,
totem, amulet
obsession, fixation, mania, craze,
engrossment, thing, preoccupation, passion (Ant) Aversion

13. Initiate = start, introduce, originate, begin,
kick off, open, commence, set off,
instigate, pledge, new member, recruit, freshman,
inductee,newcomer, pledge
(Ant) master, finish, expel.

14. intensification = strengthening, increase, escalation, spiraling,
amplification, strengthening,
magnification,growth, amplification, rise
augmentation, extension, increase,
enlargement (Ant) Reduction

15. Monopoly = control, domination, cartel, trust, corner.

16.. Morsel = scrap, crumb, bit, piece, fragment,
speck, ort, tidbit. (Ant) chunk

17.Palate = sense of taste, taste.

18.premature = early, untimely, hasty, rash, precipitate,
impulsive, previous (Ant) Over due

19. Recommend = suggest, advocate, propose, counsel,
advise, urge, endorse, commend,
vouch for, mention, put in a good word for,
acclaim, applaud, praise.
(Ant) oppose, criticize
20.reservoir = tank, pool, basin, lake, artificial lake.


21.responsive = receptive, open, approachable, reactive,
quick to respond, alert (Ant) sluggish
22.sparingly = frugally, parsimoniously, thriftily,
economically, carefully, cautiously, thinly, in
moderation, on a shoestring, meanly
scantily, meagerly, sparsely, insufficiently,
thinly, inadequately (Ant) generously plentifully

23.staunch = stop, stem, halt, check, hold back, curb,
curtail, hinder, restrict,
loyal, faithful, steadfast, reliable,
dependable, constant,
firm, devoted, unfaltering, unwavering,
resolute, committed, stalwart. (Ant) wavering.

24. Strategy = plan, scheme, policy, approach,
tactic, line of attack, stratagem


25. temptation = lure, enticement, attraction, offer, invitation,
pull, inducement, turn-on
desire, craving, urge, impulse,
compulsion, appetite, wish, longing
persuasion, coaxing, inducement, enticement,
invitation, attraction (Ant) repulsion

26.Transmission = broadcast, show, program spread,
communication, diffusion, conduction



CONJUNCTIONS
A conjunction is a word used to join
words or groups of words in a sentence.
And show how it relates to each other.
There are three types of conjunctions.

1. Coordinate Conjunctions:
Are used to join two similar grammatical units, for instance,
two words, two phrases or two clauses.
Ex: and, but, or, nor, yet and for. (for only can link clauses)
i. My friend and I will go to the park.
ii. We were tired but very happy.
iii. We will go or choose for something else

2. Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs, in order to show the
relationship between the ideas
expressed in different parts of a sentence.

Ex: both … and, either…or and neither …nor,
whether … or, rather … than ,
not only .. but also, etc.,

i. I would rather be poor than sick.
ii. I don’t mind whether Bhanu is rich or poor.
iii. Ankitha is both intelligent and blond.

3. Subordinating Conjunctions: Introduce subordinate clauses.
Subordinate conjunctions serve as a link between
a Main clause and a clause dependent on it.

Ex: that, because, if, what, whatever, which, who,
whom, though, although, while, when, where,
how, wherever, why, so, in order that, as if until etc.,
i. Balu came because I called him.
ii. I am surprised that he got married.
iii. Wherever you go I will follow you.


Conjunctions - function in a sentence:

TIME: after, after which, and , as , as long as, as soon as,
at which (point), before, by the time, hardly*,
no sooner*, now (that), once, since, the moment,
then, till, until, when, whenever, whereupon, while.

RESULT: and, and so, else, or else, otherwise, so, so that.

CONTRAST/ CONCESSION, ALTERNATIVES: although,
apart from, but, despite, even if, even though, except
that, in spite of, or , much as, nor, not that, though,
where as , while, whilst, yet.

REASON: as, as a result of , because,
because of, considering, due to, for, give that,
in case, in view of the fact, that, just in case,
on account of , seeing as/that, since.

PURPOSE: in case, in order that, in order to,
so, so as to, so that, to,

CONDITIONAL: as long as, even if, if,
one condition that, provided (that), providing (that),
so long as, unless, whether …or.

MANNER: as, as if, as though, in a way,
in the way, just as, like, much as, the way

ADDITION: and, as well as, besides,
besides which, in addition to, not only*

GIVING EXAMPLS: for instance,
for example, in particular.
*Inversion – verb and subject are inverted after these words.



LIST OF SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS

AS:- because/ when
Ex: As he is my friend, I will help him.
We watched as the plane took off.

AFTER: later in time
Ex: After the train left, we went home.

ALTHOUGH / THOUGH: in spite of the fact that
Ex: Although it was late, we did not feel tired.

BEFORE: earlier than
Ex: I arrived before the stores were open.
BECAUSE: for the reason that
Ex: We had to wait, because we arrived early.

FOR: for, because
Ex: He is happy, for he enjoys his work.

IF: on condition that
Ex: If she is here, we will see her

PROVIDING, PROVIDED: on condition that
Ex: All will be well, providing you are careful.

SINCE: from a past time
As, because
Ex: I have been here since the sun rose.
Since you are here, you can help me.

SO or SO THAT: consequently, in order that
Ex: It was raining, so we did not go out.
I am saving money so I can buy a cycle.

SUPPOSING: if
Supposing that happens, what will you do?

THAN: used in comparisons
Ex: He is taller than you are.

UNLESS: except when, if not
Ex: Unless he helps us, we cannot succeed.

UNTIL or TILL: up to the time when
Ex: I will wait until I here from you.

WHEREAS : because, on the other hand
Ex: Whereas this is a public building, it is open to everyone.
He is short, whereas you are tall.

WHETHER : if
Ex: I do not know whether she was invited.

WHILE: at the time when, on the other hand, although
Ex: While it was snowing, we played cards.
He is rich, while his friend is poor.
While I am not an expert, I will do my best.


PAGE : 136
EXERCISE : 1

1. Gandhi discovered to overcome from diseases should be a vegetarian sparingly.
A man should keep this as a moral basis.

2. Those who are unable to keep themselves to
a vegetarian diet over a sustained period of time.

3. Because of Vegetarians' fetishism.They are unable to
control to avoid high protean food/ diet like lentil,
beens, haricot and cheese etc.,


EXERCISE II

1. Up to some extend it is good, but not always and for all
2. Yes, vegetarianism is good for staying healthy, when we take sparingly.

EXERCISE III
1. Yes, Health is not a monopoly of vegetarians, if they avoid to take sparingly.

2. Yes, when the things are delicious we don't mind taking a morsel. it leads to fall ill.

PAGE; 138
EXERCISE : I

1. CHICKEN 2. PALATE

EXERCISE : II
1. FAITHFUL 2. SELFLESS 3. EXCLUSIVE POSSESSION
4. A TENDENCY TO INDULGE IN EATING
5. THE SENSE OF TASTE

PAGE : 142
EXERCISE : II
1. (C) 2. (E) 3. (D) 4. (A) 5. (B)

Comprehension Check
Exercise I
1. A. Desirable body fat percentage in women 23%
and above 19% in men.
2. A. High-density lipoprotein
3. A. By keeping physical fitness.
Exercise II
According to me for physical fitness
we have to take 1. Swimming daily half an hour or 2.
twenty minutes briskly walk in the morning. and 3. at least
twenty minutes yoga is good for keep our boy fit for everyone.and also
take sufficient nutritious food with regular intervals. And follow "Early to rise and Early to bed."

Exercise III
I think every college student has to take right step at this stage
ie.,daily they have to take physical exercise at least twenty minutes, and take much water,and proper sleep (7hr - 8hr) is essential.
so they can avoid chronic disease risk.

PAGE : 144 : EXERCISE : I
1. Cardiovascular 2. premature 3. correlated

EXERCISE : II
1. Heart 2 Biological state 3. Biochemical processes

EXERCISE : II
bio-marker metabolic premature recommend
biodiversity metaphysics predestined reactivate
bio-data meta-fiction premeditation reelect
bio-diesel metamorphic preoccupation remarry

PAGE : 145
Word Search
1. Amenable 2. Correlate 3. Err 4. Bio-markers
5. carrier 6. chronic 7. elevate
8. endemic 9. eradication 10. focal
11. initiate 12. premature 13. staunch 14. strategy
15. transmission


PAGE : 146
Forming Word
1. Monopoly 2. Morsel 3. Desirable 4. Elimination

PREPOSITIONS
What is a preposition?
A preposition is a word used to show a relationship between a noun or pronoun and some other word in the sentence.
It can specify place, direction, and time.
Examples:
The cat is under the cot. (under shows the relationship between cat and cot)

What is aP prepositional phrase?
A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition, its object, and any modifiers of the object.

What is the object of the preposition?
The object of the preposition is the noun or pronoun following the preposition.
Examples:
People communicate in many ways. (The preposition is in, the object of the preposition is ways, and the prepositional phrase is in many ways.)

Prepositions vs. Adverbs
Sometimes the same word can be used as a preposition or as an adverb. If there is no object, the word is an adverb.
Adverb: Come along. (no object)
Preposition: The messages travel along the telephone wire. (wire is the object)
Prepositions convey the following relationships: agency (by); comparison (like, as . . . as); direction (to, toward, through); place (at, by, on); possession (of); purpose (for); source (from, out of); and time (at, before, on). See "Observations," below.

Kinds Of Prepositions

There are three general types of prepositions, each one indicating relationships with regard to either time, place or direction. Time prepositions include such words as “after”,”until” and “during”; place prepositions, on the other hand, consist of location related terms such as “around”, in the corner” and “between”; direction prepositions, meanwhile, show where a subject is headed, such as “under”, “left” and “towards”.


Prepositions of Time: at, on, and in

We use at to designate specific times.
The train is due at 12:15 p.m.

We use on to designate days and dates.
My brother is coming on Monday.
We're having a party on the Fourth of June.

We use in for nonspecific times during a day, a month, a season, or a year.
Bindu likes to jog in the morning.
It's too cold in winter to run outside.
Sundari started the job in 1971.
He's going to quit in August
NOTE: We do not use In, On and At before these words (Next, Last, Every, Today, Tomorrow, Still, Each, Some, Any and One).

Prepositions of Place: at, on, and in

We use at for specific addresses.
Balu English lives at Main Road in Guntur.

We use on to designate names of streets, avenues, etc.
Her house is on Clock Tower Road.
And we use in for the names of land-areas (towns, counties, states, countries, and continents).
She lives in Delhi.
Dohni is in Jarkhand state.
India is in Asia.


PAGE : 147
Exercise I
1. of 2.in, to 3.with 4.into 5.for 6. at 7.by 8. below 9. under 10. before

Exercise II
1. instead of 2. on behalf of 3. as of now


Exercise V
1. in, from, to , onto
PAGE : 150
Exercise I
1. Because, coordinating conjunction 2. Yet, sub-ordinate conjunction
3. Until, sub-ordinate conjunction 4. but, coordinating conjunction
5. and, coordinating conjunction 6. unless, sub-ordinating conjunction
7. While, sub-ordinate conjunction 8. Before, sub-ordinating conjunction


Exercise II
1.so 2.because 3. if 4. since 5. though

PAGE : 152
Exercise II
1. Ah! 2. Alas! 3. Yuk! 4.Wow! 5. Ooh! 6. Hi! 7.Ouch! 8.hey!
Exercise III
1. Hush! 2. Oh my god! 3. Help ! 4. what an achievement!
5. I really don't believe this!