Online Bits

1. Aristotle was a : Greek Philosopher.
2. The moon moves in an elliptical orbit around the earth on account of : universal gravitation.
3. The book in which Aristotle maintained that the earth is round sphere instead of a plate is : On the Heavens
4. Nicholas Copernicus, a Polish Priest, proposed a simple model of the Solar System.
5. Aristotle’s arguments were considered to be good because : they were supported by facts.
6. Newton realized that, according to the theory of gravity, the stars should attract one another. The statement implies that : The stars could not remain motionless.
7. Which human yearning is justification enough for the continued search for a complete unified theory of the universe? : Desire for knowledge.
8. Until 1929, the two basic beliefs about the universe were : the universe was static and the origin was a theological question.
9. Edwin Hubble observed that wherever one looks, the distant galaxies are found to be moving away, which suggests that : the universe is expanding.
10. According to Karl Popper a good theory : could be disproved by observation.
11. According to Stephen Hawking, the ultimate goal of science is : to provide a unified theory of the whole universe.
12. Newton’s theory of gravity, states that the stars attract one another since : they cannot remain static.
13. The Copernicus theory was supported by : Kepler and Galileo.
14. Aristotle belonged to Greece.
15. According to Ptolemy the outermost sphere of the cosmos : carried fixed stars.
16. The death-blow to the Aristotelian-Ptolemaic theory came : when Galileo invented the telescope in 1609.
17. Sir Isaac Newton observed that the planets moved in : ellipses, not circles.
18. Aristotle’s theory that everything was made out of the four elements, namely, earth, air, fire and water was nullified because : it did not make any definite predictions.
19. According to Stephen Hawking, man has discovered : a unified theory.
20. According to Stephen Hawking, a good theory must describe observations based on a model and make : definite predictions.
21. The major questions that were unanswered before Aristotle were related to : the nature of time and origin of the universe.
22. The basis on which Aristotle believed that the earth was spherical was that : the earth’s shadow on the earth was always round.
23. The model of the universe as proposed by Nicholas Copernicus was that : the sun was stationary at the centre with the earth and the other planets moving in circular orbits around the sun.
24. Aristotle observed that the eclipses of the moon were caused by : the earth coming between the sun and the moon.
25. Galileo’s observation through the telescope indicated that : the earth may not be at the centre of the universe.
26. According to Sir Isaac Newton’s law of universal gravitation : each body in the universe was attracted by every other body by a strong force.
27. The idea which Ptolemy elaborated into a complete cosmological model was that of : Aristotle
28. The major defect in the cosmological model as conceived by Ptolemy was : that the earth was static.
29. Edwin Hubble’s observation that the galaxies were fast moving away indicates that : the heavenly objects were very close to one another earlier.
30. Hubble’s Big Bang theory of time suggested that the universe was once : very small and very dense.
31. Why do the stars not fall together at some point? What is Newton's observation?
There are infinite number of stars distributed over infinite space
32. If everything in the universe depends on everything else in a fundamental way it might be impossible to get a solution by
Investigating parts of the problem in isolation
33. In order to talk about the nature of the universe and to discuss question such as whether it has a beginning or an end we must be clear about :
What a scientific theory is
34. The two partial theories are:
The General theory of relativity and Quantum Mechanics
35. A Simpler model of the Universe was proposed in : 1514 AD
36. In order to talk about the nature of the universe and to discuss questions such as whether it has a beginning or an end we must be clear about :
What a scientific theory is
37. What are the five planets revolving round the earth according to Ptolemy?
Mercury, Venu, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn
38. Kalam's parents fulfilled his: emotional and material needs

1. The Science of information feedback system is called : Cybernetics
2. The classic in Computer ethics written by Joseph Weizenbaum is : Computer Power and Human Reason published in 1976.
3. A series of international conferences on computer ethics is known as : ETHICOMP
4. Down Parker created a code of ethics for the members of the : Association of Computer-aided government organizations.
5. Walter Maner defined computer ethics as a branch which studies ethical problems created by computer technology.
6. The Association for Computing Machinery was established in 1973, and created a code of ethics.
7. The year 1985 was a watershed year for computer ethics because : Deborah Johnson published the first major text book in the field, Computer Ethics.
8. The ‘second industrial revolution’ referred by Norbert Weiner is : the integration of computer technology into society.
9. According to Gorniak, as computers do not know boundaries, computer ethics leads to the : emergence of computer revolution.
10. The computer programme created to imitate a Rogerian psychotherapist engaged in an interview with a patient was : ELIZA
11. Norbert Wiener’s book on computer ethics entitled, The Human Use of Human Beings, was written in : 1950
12. The author who defined computer ethics as a branch that studies ethical problems created by computer technology was : Walter Maner
13. Deborah Johnson believed that : fundamental ethical theories would remain unaffected
14. Deborah Johnson believed that the computer revolution would lead to : a revolution in ethics
15. Norbert Weiner, Walter Maner and Krystyna Gorniak considered computer technology : ethically revolutionary
16. Computer ethics as a field of study was founded by Norbert Wiener while helping to develop an : anti-aircraft cannon
17. In 1940’s Norbert Wiener founded the new area of : applied ethics
18. The person who observed that computer revolution would not lead to a revolution in ethics was : Deborah Johnson
19. Some psychiatrists thought that the computer program, ELIZA created by Joseph Weizenbaum would provide : Automated psychotherapy
20. The editor of the journal, Metaphilosophy, was : Terrell Ward Bynum
21. The person who won the essay competition conducted by Terrell Ward Bynum to generate interest in computer ethics, was : James Moor
22. The title of the prize winning essay written by James Moor was : What is Computer Ethics?
23. The person who said that the computer ethic would bring in global ethic was : Krystyna Gorniak
24. The person who developed curriculum materials and a university course in computer ethics in 1979 was : Terrell Ward Bynum
25. Which book laid foundation for comprehensive computer ethics?
The Human Use of Human Beings
26. Who is the first person to foresee the revolutionary social and ethical consequences of computer technology? Norbert Weiner
27. Big Brother government means : A government in authority that has complete control power and tries to control people's behavior and thoughts and limit their freedom.
28. Who said "Computers do not know borders"? Krystnya Gorniak
29. ACM code was devised to address problems related to:Computer crimes.
30.The Pioneer of computer ethics as a field of study is: Norbert Weiner
31.Whose views on the computer ethics are contrary to the views held by Gornaik: Johnson's
32. How many times was the ACM code revised : twice


1. Prof. Vikram Sarabhai is a man of : High optimism
2. Siva Temple made Rameswaram so sacred.
3. One of the significant developments that occurred during the subsequent work on RATO was : the release of a ten- year profile for space research in the country
4. Abdul Kalam was called Azad by : Ahmed Jallaluddin
5. Dr. Chitnis of the physical Research Laboratory had spotted Thumba as an equatorial Rocket Launchig Station because : it was very close to the earth’s magnetic equator
6. The collapse of Pamban Bridge was the main concern for Abdul Kalam’s father during the cyclone that struck the Rameswaram coast?
7. Abdul Kalam was sent to the Aircraft and Armament Testing Unit (A&ATU) at Kanpur to : design a model craft
8. The most cherished memory of Abdul Kalam at MIT : Prof. Sponder praising Abdul Kalam as his best student
9. The full form of NASA : National Aeronautics and Space Administration
10 Aeronautical Development Establishment is at: Bangalore
11. The article that won the prize for Abdul Kalam in an essay writing competition : Let us make our own aircraft
12. St. Mary Magdalene Church housed the first office of the Thumba Space Centre.
13. Abdul Kalam took his first posting at: DTD&P Air
14. ‘Bread baked without love is bitter bread that feeds out half a man’s hunger.’ Who made this statement? : Khalil Gibran
15. The incident that helped Abdul Kalam to pursue his studies at the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT)? : Mortgage of gold bangles and chain by Zohra
16. What influenced Abdul Kalam to move away and study in Schwartz High School? Mahatma Gandhi’s declaration that “Indians would build their own India”.
17. The most popular newspaper in the early childhood of Abdul Kalam was : Dinamani
18. India’s first jet fog fighter, the HF 24 Marut was designed by : Dr. Kurt Tank
19. Who said the following and to whom ? “Going away is a part of growing up.” : Jainulabdeen to Abdul Kalam
20. The city of Delhi was named after a Sufisaint : Hazrat Nizamuddin
21. Abdul Kalam’s love for reading was encouraged by : STR Manickam
22. The seeds by selling which Abdul Kalam got his first earnings were : tamarind seeds
23. Abdul Kalam was born in the year :1931
24. Abdul Kalam’s father’s name was Jainulabdeen and mother’s name was Ashiamma.
25. Abdul Kalam’s sister’s name was Zohara and brother-in-law was Jallaluddin.
26. Rameswaram was a part of the state of : Madras.
27. The creativity that Abdul Kalam, displayed in his life was due to the inspiration provided by Jallaluddin and: Samsuddin
28. The man who said to Abdul Kalam, “With faith, one can change one’s destiny”. Was: Iyadurai Solomon
29. The language in which Jainulabdeen was able to express complex spiritual concepts was : Tamil
30. When World II started in 1939, Abdul Kalam’s mother and grandmother told him were from the Ramayan and : The life of Prophet muhammud
31. A sail boat was launched by Jainulabdeen to carry pilgrims from Rameswaram to Dhanuskodi
32. The Nandi project was abandoned because of the change of : the central government.
33. The real journey of the Indian space programme began with : The Rohini Sounding Rocket programme
34. The painting that aroused the curiosity of Abdul Kalam at NASA about the development of Rockets in India was : the painting of the army of Tipu Sultan fighting the British East India Company
35. The full form of GEM is : Ground Equipment Machine
36. The objective of project Nandi was to develop : a practical hovercraft for battlefield applications
37. The purpose of Abdul Kalam’s first visit to NASA was to : to attend a six-month training programme in sounding rocket launching technologies
38. The rebirth of rocketry in India was due to the technological vision of : Jawaharlal Nehru
39. The first two Indian rockets launched from Thumba were : Rohini and Menaka
40. The first Rohini-75 rocket was launched from TERLS on : 20 November 1967
41. In his approach Prof Vikram Sarabhai was rather : unorthodox
42. Prof Vikram Sarabhai was running the country’s space research establishment : understaffed and overworked
43. In Abdul Kalam’s view Prof Sarabhai was : an innovator
44. Prof Vikram Sarabhai believed in : an open and free exchange of views
45. Prof Vikram Sarabhai felt that without collective understanding of a problem : effective leadership was impossible
46. The Indian Air Force was in dire need of RATO motors for use in : S-22 and HF-24 aircraft
47. India’s first rocket launch took place on : 21 November 1963
48. India’s first sounding rocket made at NASA and launched at Thumba was Nike- Apache
49. The development of Indian rockets in the twentieth century can be seen as a revival of the eighteenth century vision of : Tipu Sultan
50. Prof. Vikram Sarabhai took a series of decisions which later became : the life-mission of many scientists in India
51. The scientist who selected Thumba in Kerala as India’s Rocket Launching Station was : Dr. Chitinis of the Physical Research Laboratory
52. Who said "going away is a part of growing up"? Jainulabddin
53. The Person who made the statement "Bread baked without love is a bitter bread, that feeds but half a man's hunger" was Khalil Gibran
54. Who helped Kalam to look beyond the limited horizons of the life?
Jallaluddin
55. Kalam was also benefited from his interaction with Jallaluddin and Samsuddin whose wisdom was based on intuition rather than instruction.
56. I was born into a middle class Tamil family, on the island town of Rameswaram.
57. Who used to say "Seek the truth and the truth shall set you free"? Pakshi Laxman shastri
58. The effective V-2 short range ballistic missiles were produces in Germany.
59. Kalam's fascinating subject is : Aeronautics
60. When Kalam was posted at DTD& P who was the Director? Dr. Neelakantan
61. Kalam was to undergo training at NASA on : Sounding rocket launching techniques
62. Who had highlighted the importance of clever business practices
Jaya Chandra Babu
63. When World War II started Kalam was: 8 year old
64. NASA is the center for :research and development in advanced aerospace technology
65. In ADE Bangalore, the first assignment given to Kalam was to design:
ground equipment machine
66. The initial funding amount given for RATO motor was: 75 lakh
67. Who said the following- " You must develop your skills so that you can compete with the highly educated people in the big cities" : Siva Subramanyam Iyer
68. At MIT Technical Aerodynamics was taught by: Professor Sponder
69. Where us NASA's research centre located?: Virginia
70. IAF interview was conducted in : Dehradun
71. When Kalam was posted to DTD&P who was the director? Dr. Neelakantan
72. NASA is the centre for:Research and Development in Advanced Aerospace Technology


1.Accept your destiny and go ahead with your life.
2.God created the universe at the instant of the Big Bang.
3. The development of the Indian rockets in the twentieth century can be seen as the revival of the eighteenth century vision of Tipu Sultan.
4. The eventual goal of science is to provide a single theory that describes the whole universe.
5. Having a limit or end: Finite
6. The eclipses of the moon were caused by the earth coming between the sun and the moon.
7. In the mid 1960s, computer enabled invasions of privacy by Big brother government agencies became a public worry.
8. The Greeks knew from their travels that the North star appeared lower in the sky.
9. Professor Sarabhai believed in an open and free exchange of views.
10.It brought to mind an incident my mother had told me from the Bible.
11.Jainulabdeen was neither highly educated nor very rich.
12.This idea was elaborated by Ptolemy in the second century A.D. into a complete cosmological model.
13. I was advised to stay back for a couple of days.
14. I was born into a middle class Tamil family, on the island town of Rameswaram.



ANTONYMS
1. Frugal : Extravagant
2. Commit : Release
3. Approach : Disappear
4. Accidental : Intentional
5. Equilibrium : Imbalance
6. Convince : Compel
7. Superior : Inferior
8. Ridiculous : Reasonable
9. Known: strange
10. Fortunately: Unfortunately
11. Artificial : Natural
12. Capable: Incapable
13 Explored: unexplored
14. Ridiculous: Reasonable
15. Ethical : Unethical
16. Moral : Amoral
17. Elegant:Graceless
18.Known : Strange


SYNONYMS
1. Arbitrary : Independent
2. Static : Stationary
3. Reverence : Respect
4. Fascinating : Enchanting
5. Integrity : Unity
6. Intuition : foreknowledge
7. Infinitesimal : Infinitely small
8. Pitfall : Downfall
9. Revoke : cancel
10.A feeling of strong dislike: aversion
11.Hypothesis: theory
12.Isolated: Separated
13. Reverence: Respect
14. Insightful: perceptive
15. Robust: weak
16. Diversity: Variety
17. Avid : enthusiastic
18. Diversity: variety
19. Omnipotent:All powerful
20. Perceive: Identify
21. Initial : Preliminary

Choose the word that does not belong to the group.
1. Regime, Procedure, Business, Method : Business
2. Theology, Hypothesis, Thesis, Gravity : Thesis
3. Economy, Per capita income, Wealth, University : University
4. Novel, Book, Innovative, Original : Book
5. Scientist, Astronomer, Engineer, Theology : Theology


Identify the error
1. An engineer is a professional which puts scientific knowledge to practical use. : which
2. The earliest form of artificial lightening was fire, which also provided warm and protection. : warm
3. We don’t deserve the punishment: neither my friend nor I are to blame for the incident. : are
4. Mark is one of those who has not understood the problem. : has
5. Hardly he had entered the classroom when he realized that he had forgotten to bring the duster. : he had
6. One of the several problems is to convince the Management about the need to take immediate steps. : about


ACCENT MARK

1. En’thusiasm
2. Im’provement
3. Compe’tition
4. In’digenous
5. Inte’llectual
6. Cap’ability
7. Im’provement
8. En’deavours


Spelling

1. Ultimately
2. Dilemma
3. Perspective
4. Receive
5. Convinced
6. Rudimentary
7. Integration
8. Philosopher
9. curriculum
10. convinced
11. Challenge
12. Engineer
13. Hypothesis
14. Aggravate


Preposition & Article

1. My father has great hope for my future.
2. Johnson’s hypothesis, in reality, is essentially the opposite of Gorniak’s.
3. The planets were made to orbit the Sun.
4. The earth stood at the center.
5. Where did the universe come from?
6. Universe is governed by definite laws.
7. Each body in the universe is attracted towards every other body by a force.
8. Infinite number of stars were distributed over a finite region of space.


PREFIX

1. Heard : Unheard
2. Appear : Disappear
3. Adequate : Inadequate
4. Repairable : Irreparable
5. Affected : Unaffected
6. Significant : Insignificant
7.Consistent: Inconsistent

One Word Substitute

1. Oral examination of applicant : Interview
2. Describe or explain by experiment : Demonstration
3. About to happen : Imminent
4. Order to appear : Summon
5. ‘To have a complete commitment and dedication’ : Heart and Soul
6. Preserve in memory by celebration or ceremony : Commemorate
7. Difficult to classify : Multiplex
8. One who flies a spacecraft : Astronaut
9. Utter confusion : Chaotic
10. Tosay that an event or action will happen in future: predict
11. Not moving or changing: Static


Idiom Phrase

1. ‘to raise and educate’ : bring up
2. ‘fail or collapse’ : breakdown
3. ‘persuade or convince to take part’ : to rope in
4. ‘to have a complete commitment and dedication’ : heart and soul
5. ‘major advance in knowledge’ : break through
6. ‘work continuously for a longer time’ : work around the clock









Meaning for the prefix

1. Pre : before
2. Ultra : beyond
3. Fore : before
4. Multi : many
5. Tetra : four
6. Uni : one
7. Pre : before
8. Post : after
9. Auto : self
10. Hypo : below normal
11. Proto : first
12. Amphi : both
13. Anti : against
14. Aero : air
15. Sub : under
16. Metro : chief
17. Equi : same